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Modern medicine is a wonderful thing. Before Edward Jenner’s development of the smallpox vaccination in 1796, infectious diseases and viruses killed millions. The introduction of anaesthetic gases during surgical procedures in 1846 eliminated the excruciating pain of surgery. And before Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin in 1928, people died unnecessarily from cuts and grazes.
But the benefits of modern medicine are not felt equally around the world. In this issue, we explore the forgotten patients in global healthcare settings – the marginalised groups who fall through the cracks or are actively shut out of healthcare provision, then ignored or silenced when they raise concerns.
Just like free speech, healthcare is an indisputable human right. But for many around the globe, both these rights are being removed in conjunction with each other. Through telling their stories, this edition aims to shine a light on these injustices and – we hope – empower more people to speak up for the right to health for themselves and others.
A bitter pill to swallow: Sarah Dawood
Not all healthcare is made equal, and pointing this out can have serious consequences
The Index: Mark Stimpson
From elections in Romania to breaking encryption in the UK: a tour of the world’s most pressing free expression issues
Rape, reputation and little recourse: Samridhi Kapoor, Hanan Zaffar
Indian universities have a sexual violence problem that no one is talking about
Georgian nightmare: Ruth Green
Russian-style laws are shutting down more conversations in Georgia, with academia feeling the heat
Botswana’s new era: Clemence Manyukwe
From brave lawyer to president – could the country’s new leader put human rights front and centre?
Venezuela’s prison problem: Catherine Ellis
The disputed new president has a way of dealing with critics – locking them up
Forbidden words: Salil Tripathi
The Satanic Verses is back in India’s bookshops. Or is it?
The art of resistance: Alessandra Bajec
A film, a graffiti archive and a stage play: three works changing the narrative in Tunisia
A tragic renaissance: Emily Couch
The pen is getting mightier and mightier in Ukraine
In the red zone: Alexandra Domenech
Conscription is just one of the fears of an LGBTQ+ visual artist in Russia
Demokratia dismantled: Georgios Samaras
The legacy of the Predator spyware scandal has left a dark stain on Greece
Elon musk’s year on X: Mark Stimpson
The biggest mystery about Musk: when does he sleep?
Keyboard warriors: Laura O’Connor
A band of women are fighting oppression in Myanmar through digital activism
Behind the bars of Saydnaya prison: Laura Silvia Battaglia
Unspeakable horrors unfolded at Syria’s most notorious prison, and now its survivors tell their stories
Painting a truer picture: Natalie Skowlund
Street art in one Colombian city has been sanitised beyond recognition
The reporting black hole: Fasil Aregay
Ethiopian journalists are allowed to report on new street lights, and little else
Whistleblowing in an empty room: Martin Bright
Failures in England’s maternity services are shrouded in secrecy
An epidemic of corruption: Danson Kahyana
The Ugandan healthcare system is on its knees, but what does that matter to the rich and powerful?
Left speechless: Sarah Dawood
The horrors of war are leaving children in Gaza unable to speak
Speaking up to end the cut: Hinda Abdi Mohamoud
In Somalia, fighting against female genital mutilation comes at a high price
Doctors under attack: Kaya Genç
Turkey’s president is politicising healthcare, and medics are in the crosshairs
Denial of healthcare is censoring political prisoners – often permanently: Rishabh Jain, Alexandra Domenech, Danson Kahyana
Another page in the authoritarian playbook: deny medical treatment to jailed dissidents
The silent killer: Mackenzie Argent
A hurdle for many people using the UK’s National Health Service: institutional racism
Czechoslovakia’s haunting legacy: Katie Dancey-Downs
Roma women went into hospitals to give birth, and came out infertile
An inconvenient truth: Ella Pawlik
While Covid vaccines saved millions of lives, those with adverse reactions have been ignored
Punished for raising standards: Esther Adepetun
From misuse of money to misdirecting medicines, Nigerian healthcare is rife with corruption
Nowhere to turn: Zahra Joya
Life as they know it has been destroyed for women in Afghanistan, and healthcare provision is no different
Emergency in the children’s ward: Shaylim Castro Valderrama
The last thing parents of sick children expect is threats from militia
We need to talk about Sudan: Yassmin Abdel-Magied
Would “a battle of narratives” give the war more attention?
RFK Jr could be a disaster for American healthcare: Mark Honigsbaum
An anti-vaxxer has got US lives in his hands
The diamond age of death threats: Jemimah Steinfeld
When violent behaviour becomes business as usual
Free speech v the right to a fair trial: Gill Phillips
Are contempt of court laws fit for the digital age?
An unjust trial: Ariel Dorfman
A new short story imagines a kangaroo court of nightmares, where victims become defendants
Remember the past to save the future: Sarah Dawood, Diane Fahey
Published exclusively, the issues of antisemitism and colonialism are recorded through poetry
Where it’s more dangerous to carry a camera than a gun: Antonia Langford
A singer meets filmmakers in Yemen, and both take risks to tell her story
The fight for change isn’t straightforward: Shani Dhanda
The Last Word, on exclusion and intersectional discrimination
Music has been described as a “cultural universal” – a practice found in all known human cultures and societies. While anthropologists still scratch their heads over exactly where the concept originated, evidence indicates that humans have used musical instruments for an astonishing 40,000 years.
During an excavation in 1995 in Slovenia, researchers discovered a bear’s femur bone with holes in it and concluded that it could be an ancient flute.
Humans have always found ingenious ways to make music, and it’s not difficult to see why. It is one of the most powerful forms of self-expression, capable of eliciting both intense happiness and sadness in the listener. It is used to celebrate, lament, respect and enrage, and its endless genres, styles and instruments form a core part of countries’ unique cultural heritages.
But despite its universality, music is being silenced globally. Religious extremism, political factions, racism and nationalism are all driving forces, stopping it being performed, produced and listened to. In this issue we explore how music bans have been weaponised to silence communities and erase histories.
Songs of defiance: Sarah Dawood
How ever much authoritarians try to turn down the volume, musicians will play on
The Index: Mark Stimpson
Moments that matter in the free speech world, from US disinformation to a democracy void in Belarus
Adding insult to injury: Nour El Din Ismail
Turkey is not always welcoming to Syrian journalists
Waiting for the worst: Alexandra Domenech
A daring few Russian politicians are staying put
Somalia’s muzzled media: Hinda Abdi Mohamoud
The challenge of seeking out the truth in the face of daily risks
Further into the information void: Winthrop Rodgers
A new law in Iraq could hinder rather than help journalists
Peace of mind: Chan Kin-man, Jemimah Steinfeld
From umbrellas, to prison, to freedom. A word from a founder of the Hong Kong Occupy movement
“She will not end up well”: Clemence Manyukwe
In Rwanda, opposition politicians have a nasty habit of being assassinated
Modi’s plans to stifle the internet: Shoaib Daniyal
India’s prime minister is keeping a tight grip on what goes online
Editor in exile: Ian Wylie
A Burmese journalist shares his story of arrest and escape
Evading scrutiny: Beth Cheng
China’s new tactic for dealing with critics: keep the trials under wraps
Lowering the bar: Ruth Green
Working in law in Afghanistan is now impossible – if you’re a woman
A promise is a promise: Amy Booth
Argentina’s president is taking a chainsaw to media freedom
Going offline: Steve Komarnyckyj
Beyoncé is blacklisted in Russia and the question remains: who runs the world?
The beacon of hope: Nilosree Biswas
The next chapter is unwritten for a library in Delhi
A story of forgotten fiction: Thiện Việt
In Vietnam, book censorship is a fact of life
The sound of silence: Sarah Dawood
Musicians in Afghanistan fear for their livelihoods, lives and culture
The war on drill: Mackenzie Argent
Artistic freedom is not a privilege extended to all musicians
A force for good: Salil Tripathi
Exploring the soundtrack of resistance in Bangladesh
Georgia on my mind: JP O’Malley
In the face of repression, the beat goes on in the Caucasus
Murdered for music: Kaya Genç
The meeting of politics and song can be deadly in Turkey
A Black woman who dared to rock: Malu Halasa
How one artist smashed into a genre ringfenced for white men
Fear the butterfly: Katie Dancey-Downs
Iranian singer Golazin Ardestani will never take no for an answer
In tune with change: Tiléwa Kazeem
In Nigeria, Afrobeats is about more than a good song
Singing for a revolution: Danson Kahyana
Nothing enrages the Ugandan government like hearing Bobi Wine
Cuba can’t stop the music: Coco Fusco
Government and musicians alike understand the political power of song
Dangerous double standards: Youmna El Sayed
Israel’s closure of Al Jazeera’s offices is a warning sign for press freedom
Musician, heal thyself: Mike Smith
The death of Liam Payne brings the issue of mental health into sharp focus
Democracy, but not as we know it: Martin Bright
Is the USA stuck in the hinterland between democratic and autocratic?
Silence has to be permitted in a world with free speech: Jemimah Steinfeld
Index’s CEO argues that the right to stay quiet is as precious as the right to protest
Big Tech shouldn’t punish women for seeking abortions: Raina Lipsitz
Trump is incoming. So too is a growing threat to online abortion discussions
Cell dreams: Russia’s prisoner art: Mark Stimpson
Dissident artwork created under Putin’s nose, and shared with Index
No Catcher In The Rye: Stephen Komarnyckyj, Hryhorii Kosynka
The words of a writer killed by the Soviet regime live on in a new translation
A life in exile: Mackenzie Argent, Jana Paliashchuk
What it means to be homesick, through the eyes of a Belarusian poet
An unfathomable tragedy: Sarah Dawood, Dimi Reider
One year on from 7 October, a moving piece reflects on the human devastation
You are now free: Abdelaziz Baraka Sakin, Katie Dancey-Downs
An exclusive translation from a Sudanese writer in exile, who has faced ban after ban
Putin will not stop until he’s stopped: Evgenia Kara-Murza
The Russian dissident who fought for her husband’s release (and won) has the last word
Ever since Galileo Galilei faced the Roman inquisition in the 17th century for proving that the Earth went round the sun, scientists have risked being ruthlessly silenced. People are threatened by new discoveries, and especially ones that go against their political ideologies or religious beliefs. The Autumn 2024 issue of Index examines how scientists to this day still face censorship, as in many places around the world, adherence to ideology stands in the way of scientific progress. We demonstrate how such nations crack down on scientific advancement, and lend a voice to those who face punishment for their scientific achievements. Reports from as far as China and India, to the UK, USA, and many in between make up this issue as we put scientific freedom under the microscope.
When ideology enters the equation: Sally Gimson
Just who is silencing scientists?
The Index: Mark Stimpson
A tour around the world of free expression, including a focus on unrest in Venezuela
A vote for a level playing field: Clemence Manyukwe
In Mozambique’s upcoming election, the main challenger is banned
Whistling the tune of ‘terrorism’: Nedim Türfent
Speaking Kurdish, singing in Kurdish, even dancing to Kurdish tunes: do it in Turkey and be prepared for oppression
Running low on everything: Amy Booth
The economy is in trouble in Bolivia, and so is press freedom
A dictatorship in the making: Robert Kituyi
Kenya’s journalists and protesters are standing up for democracy, and facing brutal violence
Leave nobody in silence: Jana Paliashchuk
Activists will not let Belarus’s political prisoners be forgotten
A city’s limits: Francis Clarke
The Hillsborough disaster still haunts Liverpool, with local sensitivities leading to a recent event cancellation
History on the cutting room floor: Thiện Việt
The Sympathizer is the latest victim of Vietnam’s heavy-handed censors
Fog of war masks descent into authoritarianism: Ben Lynfield
As independent media is eroded, is it too late for democracy in Israel?
Movement for the missing: Anmol Irfan, Zofeen T Ebrahim
Amid rising persecution in Pakistan, Baloch women speak up about forced disappearances
Mental manipulation: Alexandra Domenech
The treatment of dissidents in Russia now includes punitive psychiatry
The Fight for India’s Media Freedom: Angana Chakrabarti, Amir Abbas, Ravish Kumar
Abuse of power, violence and a stifling political environment – daily challenges for journalists in India
A black, green and red flag to repression: Mehran Firdous
The pro-Palestine march in Kashmir that became a target for authorities
Choked by ideology: Murong Xuecun, Kasim Abdurehim Kashgar
In China, science is served with a side of propaganda
Scriptures over science: Salil Tripathi
When it comes to scientific advancement in India, Hindu mythology is taking priority
A catalyst for corruption: Pouria Nazemi
The deadly world of scientific censorship in Iran
Tainted scientists: Katie Dancey-Downs
Questioning animal testing is a top taboo
Death and minor details: Danson Kahyana
For pathologists in Uganda the message is clear: don’t name the poison
The dangers of boycotting Russian science: JP O’Malley
Being anti-war doesn’t stop Russian scientists getting removed from the equation
Putting politics above scientific truth: Dana Willbanks
Science is under threat in the USA, and here’s the evidence
The science of purges: Kaya Genç
In Turkey, “terrorist” labels are hindering scientists
The fight for science: Mark Stimpson
Pseudoscience-buster Simon Singh reflects on whether the truth will out in today’s libellous landscape
On the brink: Jo-Ann Mort
This November, will US citizens vote for freedoms?
Bad sport: Daisy Ruddock
When it comes to state-sponsored doping, Russia gets the gold medal
Anything is possible: Martin Bright
The legacy of the fall of the Iron Curtain, 35 years later
Judging judges: Jemimah Steinfeld
Media mogul Jimmy Lai remains behind bars in Hong Kong, and a British judge bears part of the responsibility
The good, the bad and the beautiful: Boris Akunin, Sally Gimson
The celebrated author on how to tell a story, and an exclusive new translation
Song for Stardust: Jessica Ní Mhainín, Christy Moore
Celebrating the folk song that told the truth about an Irish tragedy, and was banned
Put down that book!: Katie Dancey-Downs, Allison Brackeen Brown, Aixa Avila-Mendoza
Two US teachers take their Banned Books Week celebrations into the world of poetry
Keeping Litvinenko’s voice alive: Marina Litvinenko
The activist and widow of poisoned Russian dissident Alexander Litvinenko has the last word
The Summer 2024 issue of Index looks at how cinema is used as a tool to help shape the global political narrative by investigating who controls what we see on the screen and why they want us to see it. We highlight examples from around the world of states censoring films that show them in a bad light and pushing narratives that help them to scrub up their reputation, as well as lending a voice to those who use cinema as a form of dissent. This issue provides a global perspective, with stories ranging from India to Nigeria to the US. Altogether, it provides us with an insight into the starring role that cinema plays in the world politics, both as a tool for oppressive regimes looking to stifle free expression and the brave dissidents fighting back.
Lights, camera, (red)-action, by Sally Gimson: Index is going to the movies and exploring who determines what we see on screen
The Index, by Mark Stimpson: A glimpse at the world of free expression, including an election in Mozambique, an Iranian feminist podcaster and the 1960s TV show The Prisoner
Banned: school librarians shushed over LGBT+ books, by Katie Dancey-Downs: An unlikely new battleground emerges in the fight for free speech
We’re not banned, but…, by Simon James Green: Authors are being caught up in the anti-LGBT+ backlash
The red pill problem, by Anmol Irfan: A group of muslim influencers are creating a misogynistic subculture online
Postcards from Putin’s prison, by Alexandra Domenech: The Russian teenager running an anti-war campaign from behind bars
The science of persecution, by Zofeen T Ebrahim: Even in death, a Pakistani scientist continues to be vilified for his faith
Cinema against the state, by Zahra Hankir: Artists in Lebanon are finding creative ways to resist oppression
First they came for the Greens, by Alessio Perrone, Darren Loucaides and Sam Edwards: Climate change isn’t the only threat facing environmentalists in Germany
Undercover freedom fund, by Gabija Steponenaite: Belarusian dissidents have a new weapon: cryptocurrency
A phantom act, by Danson Kahyana: Uganda’s anti-pornography law is restricting women’s freedom - and their mini skirts
Don’t say ‘gay’, by Ugonna-Ora Owoh: Queer Ghanaians are coming under fire from new anti-LGBT+ laws
Money talks in Hollywood, by Karen Krizanovich: Out with the old and in with the new? Not on Hollywood’s watch
Strings attached, by JP O’Malley: Saudi Arabia’s booming film industry is the latest weapon in their soft power armoury
Filmmakers pull it out of the bag, by Shohini Chaudhuri: Iranian films are finding increasingly innovative ways to get around Islamic taboos
Edited out of existence, by Tilewa Kazeem: There’s no room for queer stories in Nollywood
Making movies to rule the world, by Jemimah Steinfeld: Author Erich Schwartzel describes how China’s imperfections are left on the cutting room floor
When the original is better than the remake, by Salil Tripathi: Can Bollywood escape from the Hindu nationalist narrative?
Selected screenings, by Maria Sorensen: The Russian filmmaker who is wanted by the Kremlin
A chronicle of censorship, by Martin Bright: A documentary on the Babyn Yar massacre faces an unlikely obstacle
Erdogan’s crucible by Kaya Genc: Election results bring renewed hope for Turkey’s imprisoned filmmakers
Race, royalty and religion - Malaysian cinema’s red lines, by Deborah Augustin: A behind the scenes look at a banned film in Malaysia
Join the exiled press club, by Can Dundar: A personalised insight into the challenges faced by journalists in exile
Freedoms lost in translation, by Banoo Zan: Supporting immigrant writers - one open mic poetry night at a time
Me Too’s two sides, by John Scott Lewinski: A lot has changed since the start of the #MeToo movement
We must keep holding the line, by Jemimah Steinfeld: When free speech is co-opted by extremists, tyrants are the only winners
It’s not normal, by Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe: Toomaj Salehi’s life is at the mercy of the Iranian state, but they can’t kill his lyrics
No offence intended, by Kaya Genc: Warning: this short story may contain extremely inoffensive content
The unstilled voice of Gazan theatre, by Laura Silvia Battaglia: For some Palestinian actors, their characters’ lives have become a horrifying reality
Silent order, by Fujeena Abdul Kader, Upendar Gundala: The power of the church is being used to censor tales of India’s convents
Freedom of expression is the canary in the coalmine, by Mark Stimpson and Ruth Anderson: Our former CEO reflects on her four years spent at Index